Pulling A Submersible Pump: A Step-by-Step Guide
Pulling a deep well submersible pump can seem like a daunting task, but with the right knowledge and preparation, it can be done safely and efficiently. This guide will walk you through the process, covering everything from safety precautions to the tools you'll need, and the step-by-step procedure for removing your submersible pump. Whether you're a seasoned well owner or new to the process, this comprehensive guide will provide you with the information you need to successfully pull your deep well submersible pump. So, let's dive in and get started!
Understanding Deep Well Submersible Pumps
Deep well submersible pumps are the unsung heroes of many homes and businesses, silently working beneath the surface to deliver the water we rely on every day. These pumps, designed for wells that extend far below the surface, operate by being submerged directly in the water source. Submersible pumps push water upwards, a more efficient method than the suction-based approach used by jet pumps, especially in deep well applications. Understanding how these pumps function is crucial before attempting to pull one for maintenance or replacement.
The typical deep well submersible pump system comprises several key components. The pump itself is a cylindrical unit, housing a motor that drives a series of impellers. These impellers, rotating within the pump housing, generate the pressure needed to push water up the well. Attached to the pump is the motor, which is sealed and filled with a special oil to prevent water intrusion and dissipate heat. A drop pipe, usually made of PVC or galvanized steel, connects the pump to the wellhead at the surface, carrying the water upwards. Electrical wires, carefully waterproofed, supply power to the motor. A check valve, often located near the pump outlet, prevents backflow of water into the well when the pump is not running, maintaining pressure in the system. Finally, a well cap or seal sits atop the well casing, protecting the well from contamination and providing a secure point for the pump's suspension.
The advantages of submersible pumps are numerous. Their submerged operation means they don't require priming, a common issue with jet pumps. They are also significantly quieter, as the motor is muffled by the water and surrounding earth. Submersible pumps are highly efficient, delivering consistent water pressure even in deep wells. However, their location makes maintenance and repairs more challenging. Pulling the pump requires specialized equipment and careful procedures. Recognizing the benefits and challenges associated with deep well submersible pumps allows homeowners to make informed decisions about their well systems and prepare for necessary maintenance.
Before attempting to pull your pump, it's crucial to understand why it might need to be pulled in the first place. Common reasons include pump failure, reduced water output, or water contamination issues. Diagnosing the problem accurately will help you determine the best course of action and ensure you're prepared for the task ahead. Remember, safety should always be your top priority when working with well systems and electrical components. If you're unsure about any aspect of the process, it's always best to consult a qualified well service professional.
Safety First: Preparing to Pull Your Pump
Before you even think about touching your well pump, safety must be your absolute top priority, guys! Pulling a deep well submersible pump involves working with electricity, heavy equipment, and potentially hazardous conditions. Neglecting safety precautions can lead to serious injuries or even fatalities. So, let's break down the essential safety measures you need to take before you even start gathering your tools.
First and foremost, disconnect the power to the well pump. This is non-negotiable. Locate the circuit breaker that controls the pump and switch it off. To be absolutely sure, use a multimeter to verify that there is no power running to the pump wires. Tag the breaker with a warning sign to prevent anyone from accidentally turning it back on while you're working. Electrical shock is a real and potentially deadly hazard, so don't take any chances.
Next, assess the work area. Make sure you have enough space to maneuver the pump and equipment safely. Clear away any obstacles that could trip you or get in the way. If the wellhead is in a confined space, ensure adequate ventilation, especially if you're using any gas-powered equipment. Think about the weight of the pump and the amount of water that will be coming out of the well. The pump itself can be surprisingly heavy, and the water inside the drop pipe can add significant weight. Make sure you have a stable surface to work on and a plan for managing the water.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a must. Wear sturdy work boots, gloves, and eye protection. The gloves will protect your hands from sharp edges and contaminants, while the eye protection will shield your eyes from debris. If you're working in a dusty environment, consider wearing a respirator to protect your lungs. The well environment can harbor various bacteria and contaminants, so it's always better to be safe than sorry.
Consider having a helper. Pulling a submersible pump is often a two-person job, especially for deeper wells. A helper can assist with lifting, guiding the pump, and ensuring that the electrical wires and drop pipe don't get tangled. Having an extra set of eyes and hands can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and make the job much easier. If you're working alone, take extra care and proceed slowly.
Finally, familiarize yourself with the equipment and the process. Read through this guide carefully, watch videos, and if possible, talk to someone who has experience pulling well pumps. Understanding the steps involved and the potential challenges will help you anticipate problems and work more safely and efficiently. If you have any doubts or concerns, don't hesitate to call a qualified well service professional. Your safety and the proper functioning of your well system are worth the investment.
Gathering the Right Tools and Equipment
Okay, guys, now that we've covered the critical safety precautions, let's talk about the tools you'll need to successfully pull your deep well submersible pump. Having the right equipment on hand will not only make the job easier but also ensure that you can complete it safely and efficiently. Trying to improvise with inadequate tools can lead to frustration, delays, and even damage to your pump or well.
The first and most crucial piece of equipment is a well pump pulling rig. This specialized tool is designed to lift the pump and drop pipe out of the well casing. There are various types of pulling rigs available, ranging from simple hand-crank models to more sophisticated motorized versions. The type of rig you'll need depends on the depth of your well and the weight of your pump. For shallow wells, a hand-crank rig might suffice, but for deeper wells, a motorized rig is highly recommended. Renting a pulling rig is often a cost-effective option if you don't anticipate pulling your pump frequently.
In addition to the pulling rig, you'll need a pipe wrench or pliers to disconnect the drop pipe sections as you pull the pump up. The size of the wrench will depend on the diameter of your drop pipe. It's a good idea to have a couple of different sizes on hand to ensure you have the right fit. You'll also need a wire stripper and crimper to disconnect and reconnect the electrical wires. Make sure you use waterproof connectors designed for submersible pumps to prevent corrosion and ensure a reliable connection.
A multimeter is essential for testing the electrical components of the pump and verifying that the power is disconnected before you start working. It can also be used to diagnose problems with the pump motor or wiring. A flashlight or work light is crucial for illuminating the wellhead and the surrounding area, especially if you're working in low-light conditions. A tape measure will help you keep track of the depth of the pump and the length of the drop pipe sections.
Safety equipment, as we discussed earlier, is non-negotiable. Make sure you have work gloves, safety glasses, and sturdy work boots. If you're working in a dusty or contaminated environment, consider wearing a respirator. A bucket or container will be needed to collect the water that drains out of the drop pipe as you pull the pump. This can be a significant amount of water, so choose a container that is large enough to handle it. You'll also need a camera or smartphone to take pictures of the wiring connections before you disconnect them. This will serve as a valuable reference when you're reconnecting the wires later.
Finally, it's a good idea to have some extra fittings and connectors on hand, just in case. You never know when you might need to replace a damaged fitting or connector. Having these on hand will save you a trip to the hardware store and prevent delays. Once you've gathered all the necessary tools and equipment, you'll be well-prepared to tackle the job of pulling your deep well submersible pump. Remember to double-check your list and ensure you haven't forgotten anything before you start. Proper preparation is the key to a successful and safe pump pulling operation.
Step-by-Step Guide to Pulling the Pump
Alright, guys, with safety measures in place and the right tools gathered, we're ready to get down to the nitty-gritty: the step-by-step process of pulling your deep well submersible pump. This process requires patience, careful attention to detail, and a systematic approach. Rushing or skipping steps can lead to damage to the pump, the well, or even injuries. So, let's take it slow and steady, one step at a time.
Step 1: Disconnect the Wellhead Connections. Start by carefully removing the well cap or seal. This may involve loosening bolts or screws. Once the cap is removed, you'll see the top of the well casing, the drop pipe, the electrical wires, and possibly a safety cable. Disconnect the electrical wires from the wellhead junction box. This is where the pictures you took earlier will come in handy. Make sure you label the wires clearly before disconnecting them so you can reconnect them correctly later. If there's a safety cable attached to the pump, disconnect it from the wellhead as well.
Step 2: Attach the Pulling Rig. Position the pulling rig over the wellhead and securely attach it to the drop pipe. The specific attachment method will vary depending on the type of pulling rig you're using, so follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Make sure the rig is stable and properly aligned with the well casing. This is a critical step, as the rig will be supporting the weight of the pump and drop pipe.
Step 3: Begin Pulling the Pump. Slowly and steadily begin raising the pump using the pulling rig. If you're using a hand-crank rig, this will involve turning the crank. If you're using a motorized rig, engage the motor and monitor the pump's ascent. As the pump comes up, you'll need to disconnect the drop pipe sections. This is where the pipe wrench or pliers come in. Grip the drop pipe section firmly and unscrew it from the section below. Be prepared for water to drain out of the pipe as you disconnect it. Collect the water in your bucket or container.
Step 4: Manage the Electrical Wires and Safety Cable. As you pull the pump, the electrical wires and safety cable (if present) will need to be managed carefully. Don't let them get tangled or kinked. If the wires are attached to the drop pipe with tape or cable ties, you'll need to detach them as you go. It's a good idea to have a helper assist with this step, as it can be tricky to manage the wires while you're operating the pulling rig.
Step 5: Continue Pulling and Disconnecting. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the pump is completely out of the well. Take your time and avoid rushing. If you encounter any resistance, stop and investigate the cause. Forcing the pump can damage it or the well casing. Once the pump is out of the well, carefully lay it on a clean surface. Inspect the pump, the drop pipe, and the electrical wires for any signs of damage.
Step 6: Document the Pump's Condition. Before you do anything else, take some pictures of the pump's condition, especially any signs of wear, corrosion, or damage. This documentation can be valuable if you need to file a warranty claim or troubleshoot the cause of the pump failure. And there you have it, guys! You've successfully pulled your deep well submersible pump. Now you can proceed with inspecting, repairing, or replacing it as needed. Remember to take a break, hydrate, and pat yourself on the back for a job well done. The next section will cover what to do after you've pulled the pump, including inspection and troubleshooting.
Inspecting and Troubleshooting the Pump
Okay, great job, guys! You've successfully pulled the deep well submersible pump. Now comes the crucial step of figuring out why you had to pull it in the first place. A thorough inspection and some basic troubleshooting can help you identify the problem and determine the best course of action, whether it's a simple repair, a component replacement, or a full pump replacement. This is also a good opportunity to assess the overall condition of your well system and identify any potential issues before they become major problems. So, let's roll up our sleeves and get to work!
Visual Inspection is Key. Start with a careful visual inspection of the pump, the drop pipe, and the electrical wires. Look for any signs of damage, corrosion, or wear. Check the pump housing for cracks or leaks. Inspect the drop pipe for breaks, kinks, or corrosion. Examine the electrical wires for frayed insulation or damaged connectors. Pay close attention to the area around the pump intake, looking for any debris or sediment that might be clogging it. This visual inspection can often reveal obvious problems, such as a cracked pump housing or a corroded wire connection.
Testing the Motor. If the visual inspection doesn't reveal any obvious issues, the next step is to test the pump motor. This requires a multimeter and some basic electrical knowledge. Disconnect the pump motor wires and use the multimeter to check the resistance of the motor windings. A reading of infinity (open circuit) indicates a burned-out motor. A reading of zero (short circuit) indicates a shorted motor. Compare your readings to the manufacturer's specifications, if available. If the motor is faulty, you'll likely need to replace the entire pump.
Checking the Impeller. The impeller is the rotating component inside the pump that pushes water upwards. Over time, the impeller can wear down or become clogged with debris, reducing the pump's efficiency. To inspect the impeller, you may need to disassemble the pump housing. This can be a bit tricky, so consult the pump's manual or watch some online tutorials before you start. Look for any signs of wear, damage, or clogging on the impeller blades. If the impeller is damaged, you may be able to replace it, but in some cases, it's more cost-effective to replace the entire pump.
Examining the Check Valve. The check valve prevents water from flowing back into the well when the pump is not running. A faulty check valve can cause pressure fluctuations and reduce the pump's efficiency. The check valve is typically located near the pump outlet. Inspect it for any signs of wear or damage. You can also test it by blowing into it. The valve should allow air to flow in one direction but not the other. If the check valve is faulty, it can usually be replaced without replacing the entire pump.
Analyzing Water Quality. While you have the pump out, it's a good idea to take a water sample and have it tested. This can help you identify any water quality issues, such as high levels of bacteria, sediment, or minerals. Water testing is especially important if you suspect contamination or if you've noticed a change in the taste or odor of your water. The results of the water test can help you determine if you need to disinfect your well or install a water filtration system.
Considering Professional Help. If you're not comfortable performing these inspections and tests yourself, or if you're unsure about the diagnosis, it's always best to consult a qualified well service professional. They have the expertise and equipment to accurately diagnose pump problems and recommend the best course of action. Remember, a properly functioning well system is essential for a reliable water supply, so it's worth investing in professional help if needed.
By thoroughly inspecting and troubleshooting your deep well submersible pump, you can identify the root cause of the problem and take the necessary steps to restore your water supply. The final section will cover the process of reinstalling the pump, ensuring a smooth and trouble-free operation.
Reinstalling Your Deep Well Submersible Pump
Alright, team, you've pulled the pump, inspected it, and hopefully, you've either repaired it or have a shiny new replacement ready to go. Now comes the final act: reinstalling the deep well submersible pump. This step is just as crucial as the removal process, guys. A mistake here can lead to pump failure, well contamination, or even damage to the system. So, let's make sure we do it right, following a systematic and careful approach.
Preparation is Key (Again!). Before you even think about lowering the pump back into the well, double-check everything. Are all the connections secure? Are the electrical wires properly spliced and waterproofed? Is the safety cable (if you have one) in good condition? It's much easier to fix a problem now than it will be once the pump is hundreds of feet underground. Also, ensure your work area is still clear and safe. You don't want to trip over anything while you're lowering the pump.
Connecting the Wires. This is a critical step, and it's where those pictures you took earlier will be your best friends. Connect the electrical wires from the pump to the wires from the wellhead junction box, matching the colors and using waterproof connectors. Make sure the connections are tight and secure. Improperly connected wires can lead to voltage drops, motor failure, or even electrical shock. If you're not absolutely sure about the wiring, consult a qualified electrician.
Attaching the Drop Pipe and Safety Cable. Attach the first section of drop pipe to the pump outlet, making sure the connection is tight and leak-proof. If you have a safety cable, attach it to the pump as well. The safety cable is a backup measure in case the drop pipe fails, preventing the pump from falling to the bottom of the well. Lower the pump slowly and carefully into the well casing, guiding the electrical wires and safety cable as you go. Avoid kinking or tangling the wires.
Lowering the Pump Section by Section. As you lower the pump, attach the remaining sections of drop pipe, one at a time. Use a pipe wrench or pliers to tighten the connections securely. This is where having a helper can be invaluable. One person can operate the pulling rig (in reverse, of course), while the other manages the pipes and wires. Lower the pump slowly and steadily, taking breaks as needed. Rushing can lead to mistakes and potential damage.
Monitoring the Wires and Cable. Throughout the lowering process, keep a close eye on the electrical wires and safety cable. Make sure they're not rubbing against the well casing or getting caught on anything. If you encounter any resistance, stop and investigate. Don't force the pump, as this could damage the wires or the well casing.
Securing the Wellhead Connections. Once the pump is at the desired depth, connect the drop pipe to the wellhead fitting and secure the safety cable (if applicable). Reconnect the electrical wires to the wellhead junction box, again matching the colors and using waterproof connectors. Double-check all the connections to make sure they're tight and secure. Replace the well cap or seal, tightening any bolts or screws.
Testing the Pump. Before you declare victory, it's essential to test the pump. Turn on the circuit breaker and listen for the pump to start. Check the water pressure at your faucets. If everything seems to be working correctly, congratulations! You've successfully reinstalled your deep well submersible pump. However, if you notice any problems, such as low water pressure, unusual noises, or a pump that won't start, turn off the power immediately and troubleshoot the issue. It might be a good idea to consult a well service professional if you're unsure about the problem.
Final Touches. Once you're confident that the pump is working correctly, clean up your work area and put away your tools. Dispose of any waste materials properly. It's also a good idea to keep a record of the date you reinstalled the pump, as well as any maintenance or repairs you performed. This will help you track the pump's performance and plan for future maintenance.
Reinstalling a deep well submersible pump can be a challenging task, but by following these steps carefully and systematically, you can ensure a successful and long-lasting installation. Remember, safety is always the top priority, and if you ever feel unsure about any aspect of the process, don't hesitate to call a qualified well service professional. You've got this, guys!
Conclusion
Well, guys, we've reached the end of our comprehensive guide on pulling and reinstalling a deep well submersible pump. You've journeyed through understanding the intricacies of these vital pumps, mastering the safety protocols, gathering the necessary tools, and following the step-by-step procedures for both removal and reinstallation. You've also learned how to inspect and troubleshoot common pump issues, empowering you to make informed decisions about maintenance and repairs.
This knowledge is invaluable for any homeowner or property manager who relies on a deep well for their water supply. While pulling and reinstalling a submersible pump is a significant undertaking, it's a task that can be accomplished safely and efficiently with the right preparation, tools, and knowledge. However, it's crucial to remember that safety should always be your paramount concern. Working with electricity and heavy equipment presents inherent risks, and it's essential to take all necessary precautions to protect yourself and others.
If you ever feel overwhelmed or uncertain about any aspect of the process, don't hesitate to seek professional help. Qualified well service professionals have the experience and expertise to handle complex pump issues and ensure the safe and reliable operation of your well system. Investing in professional assistance when needed can save you time, money, and potential headaches in the long run.
Maintaining your deep well submersible pump is an ongoing process. Regular inspections, water quality testing, and prompt attention to any signs of trouble can help extend the life of your pump and prevent costly repairs. By understanding the principles outlined in this guide, you're well-equipped to keep your well system running smoothly for years to come.
So, go forth with confidence, knowing that you have the knowledge and skills to tackle the challenges of deep well pump maintenance. And remember, a little preventative care can go a long way in ensuring a reliable and clean water supply for your home or business. Stay safe, stay informed, and keep those pumps humming!
